Volume 20, Number 10Monday, March 2, 2020MARCH IS WORKPLACE EYE WELLNESS MONTH In this issue: (click heading to view article)
Higher Intake of Poly- and Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Inversely Associated with AMDResearchers evaluated the association between dietary fat intake and the presence of age-related macular degeneration, as part of a cross-sectional, observational study with cohorts prospectively recruited from the United States and Portugal.AMD was diagnosed based on color fundus photographs with the AREDS classification. Researchers used a validated food frequency questionnaire to calculate the percent energy intake of trans fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). For quintiles, they calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals or amount of FA. They used multiple logistic regression to estimate the OR. A total of 483 participants—386 individuals with AMD and 97 controls were included. Here were some of the findings: • Higher intake of trans fat was associated with a 2.3-fold higher odds of presence of AMD (p=0.0156), whereas a higher intake of PUFA (OR, 0.25; p=0.006) and MUFA (OR, 0.24; p<0.0001) presented an inverse association. • Subgroup analysis showed that a higher quintile of trans fat was associated with increased odds of having intermediate AMD (OR, 2.26; p=0.02); and a higher quintile of PUFA and MUFA were inversely associated with intermediate AMD (OR, 0.2 [p=0.0013]; OR, 0.17 [p<0.0001]) and advanced AMD (OR, 0.13 [p=0.02]; OR, 0.26 [p=0.004]). • A statistically significant effect modification by country was noted, with a significant inverse association between MUFA and AMD (OR, 0.04; p<0.0001) for the Portugal population only. Researchers wrote that their study showed that higher dietary intake of trans fat was associated with the presence of AMD, and a higher intake of PUFA and MUFA was inversely associated with AMD. SOURCE: Roh M, Shin HJ, LaĆns I , et al. Higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid is inversely associated with AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020;61:2:20. Impact of IOP Fluctuations on Ocular Hypertension Conversion to POAGInvestigators looked at the role of intraocular pressure fluctuations and other factors on conversion of ocular hypertension to open-angle glaucoma, as part of a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study. Source: Hopf S, Schwantuschke D, Pfeiffer N, et al. The impact of intraocular pressure fluctuations and other factors on conversion of ocular hypertension to primary open-angle glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 2020 Feb 17. [Epub ahead of print.] Topical NSAIDS for Pain from Intravitreal Injections: A Meta-analysisScientists explored the role of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents for the reduction of ocular pain after intravitreal injections (IVIs). They initiated a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to provide clarity on the evidence for these agents.They conducted a systematic literature search on Ovid Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central from inception to July 2019. RCTs that treated patients with a topical NSAID and assessed post-procedural pain were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane guidelines. For all analyses, weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals were reported. Scientists used random effects models for all analyses. The primary analysis evaluated pain on a zero to 10-point visual analogue scale. Scientists categorized literature estimates into the following post-procedure timepoint groups: ≤one hour; one to 24 hours (though data was only available at six hours); and ≥24 hours. A subgroup analysis stratified studies based on agent and pre- vs. post-procedure administration. All study endpoints were formulated before data collection. From 241 results, a total of nine RCTs and 598 eyes were included. There was a low-to-medium risk of bias across the included studies. Here were the findings: • The mean pain score on a zero to 10 visual analogue scale was significantly lower following topical NSAID administration relative to control at: o ≤one hour (WMD=-1.01 units, CI, -1.38 to -0.65; p<0.001); o six hours (WMD=-2.17 units, CI, -2.67 to -1.68; p<0.001; o threshold met for clinical significance, defined as WMD >1.2 units; and >24 hours after IVI (WMD=-0.75 units, CI, -1.11 to -0.38; p<0.001). • A greater effect was seen with administration of NSAIDs before vs. after IVIs, as well as topical nepafenac relative to ketorolac or diclofenac. Scientists concluded that, at six hours post-procedure, NSAIDs provided a clinically meaningful reduction in pain relative to control. They added that the administration of topical nepafenac pre-procedure was associated with the greatest improvement in pain relative to control. Scientists advised that the findings, given the lack of diversity of studies and associated sample size, should be regarded as hypothesis-generating. SOURCE: Popovic MM, Muni RH, Nichani P, et al. Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain from intravitreal injections: A meta-analysis. Ophthalmology Retina 2020; Feb 13. [Epub ahead of print]. “Double-Bubble” DMEK Unfolding in Eyes with Deep Anterior Chambers & ACIOLsResearchers described a standardized technique for Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty unfolding in eyes with deep anterior chambers and anterior chamber intraocular lenses.Two air bubbles were used simultaneously: the first placed on top of the graft and the second one underneath. The two bubbles worked in concert, with the bubble on top propping the tissue partially open, and the bubble underneath levitating the graft away from the ACIOL and providing support for subsequent unfolding maneuvers. Researchers found that, by sandwiching the graft between two bubbles, unfolding proceeded away from physical contact with the ACIOL, even in eyes with hyper-deep chambers. SOURCE: Parker JS, Parker JS, Melles GRJ, et al. "Double-bubble" Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty unfolding in eyes with deep anterior chambers and anterior chamber intraocular lenses. Cornea 2019; Dec 27. [Epub ahead of print]. BRIEFLY RIBOMIC Announces First Injection in Phase II RBM-007 Clinical Trial ReNeuron Announces Data in Stem Cell Trial IRIDEX Updates MicroPulse P3 Device for Glaucoma Cambium Announces Orphan Drug Designation for Dry Eye Indication Leo Lens Pharma Focuses on Myopia Management J&J Vision Issues Worldwide Call to Prioritize Your Eyes in 2020 Eyevance Appoints Speed as Chief Commercial Officer Review of Ophthalmology® Online is published by the Review Group, a Division of Jobson Medical Information LLC (JMI), 11 Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073. |